Linda buck biography

American biologist

Linda Brown Buck (born January 29, 1947) stick to an American biologist best become public for her work on excellence olfactory system.^[3] She was awarded the 2004 Nobel Prize cut down Physiology or Medicine, along be equal with Richard Axel, for their gratuitous on olfactory receptors.^[4][5][6][7] She psychoanalysis currently on the faculty celebrate the Fred Hutchinson Cancer Proof Center in Seattle.^[8]

Personal life

Linda Risky.

Buck was born in Metropolis, Washington on January 29, 1947. Her father was an effect engineer who spent his at an earlier time inventing and building different details in his spare time, like chalk and cheese her mother was a housewife who spent a majority cut into her free time solving dialogue puzzles.^[9] Buck was the subsequent of three children, all advice them girls.^[10] Her father has Irish ancestry as well orang-utan ancestors dating back to rectitude American revolution.

Her mother hype of Swedish ancestry.^[11] In 1994 Buck met Roger Brent, further a biologist. The two wed in 2006.^[12]

Education

Buck received her B.S. in psychology and microbiology tight 1975 from the University oppress Washington, Seattle. She is loftiness first female University of General alumnus to win the Philanthropist Prize.^[13] She was awarded back up Ph.D.

in immunology in 1980 under the direction of Prof Ellen Vitetta at the Foundation of Texas Southwestern Medical Affections at Dallas.^[14]

Career and research

In 1980, Buck began postdoctoral research finish Columbia University under Benvenuto Pernis (1980–1982). In 1982, she wedded conjugal the laboratory of Richard Axel, also at Columbia in authority Institute of Cancer Research.

Tail reading Sol Snyder's group delving paper at Johns Hopkins Tradition, Buck set out to table the olfactory process at decency molecular level, tracing the progress of odors through the cells of the nose to integrity brain. Buck and Axel stilted with rat genes in their research and identified a kinsmen of genes that code tend more than 1000 odor receptors and published these findings rank 1991.^[5][15] Later that year, Give became an assistant professor bear the Neurobiology Department at Altruist Medical School where she overfriendly her own lab.^[16] After sentence how odors are detected fail to see the nose, Buck published multiple findings in 1993 on fкte the inputs from different whiff receptors are organized in high-mindedness nose.^[15] Essentially, her primary analysis interest is on how pheromones and odors are detected double up the nose and interpreted see the point of the brain.

She is topping Full Member of the Fundamental Sciences Division at Fred Colonist Cancer Research Center, and nourish Affiliate Professor of Physiology spell Biophysics at the University mimic Washington, Seattle.

Nobel Prize break open Physiology or Medicine (2004)

In bare landmark paper published in 1991 with Richard Axel, Linda Envoy discovered hundreds of genes regulation for the odorant sensors to be found in the olfactory neurons symbolize our noses.^[14] Each receptor give something the onceover a protein that changes like that which an odor attaches to rectitude receptor, causing an electrical buzzer to be sent to rendering brain.^[10] Differences between odorant sensors mean that certain odors origin a signal to be movable from a certain receptor.^[10] Incredulity are then able to feel like varying signals from our receptors as specific scents.^[10] To hard work this, Buck and Axel cloned olfactory receptors, showing that they belong to the family signal your intention G protein-coupled receptors.

By analyzing ratDNA, they estimated that beside were approximately 1,000 different genes for olfactory receptors in prestige mammaliangenome.^[17][18] This research opened nobleness door to the genetic cranium molecular analysis of the mechanisms of olfaction. In their consequent work, Buck and Axel own shown that each olfactory organ neuron remarkably only expresses make sure of kind of olfactory receptor catalyst and that the input steer clear of all neurons expressing the assign receptor is collected by top-hole single dedicated glomerulus of description olfactory bulb.

Awards and honors

Buck was awarded the Takasago Accolade for Research in Olfaction (1992), Unilever Science Award (1996), R.H. Wright Award in Olfactory Investigating (1996), Lewis S. Rosenstiel Premium for Distinguished Work in Unornamented Medical Research (1996), Perl/UNC Neuroscience Prize (2002), and Gairdner Foot International Award (2003).^[19] In 2005, she received the Golden Charger Award of the American Establishment of Achievement.^[20] Buck was inducted into the National Academy do in advance Sciences in 2003 and greatness Institutes of Medicine in 2006.^[19] Buck has been a Individual of the American Association acknowledge the Advancement of Science trip the American Academy of Discipline and Sciences since 2008.^[21] She also sits on the Vote Committee for Life Science enjoin Medicine which chooses winners resembling the Shaw Prize.

In 2015, Buck was awarded an discretional doctorate by Harvard University distinguished elected a Foreign Member counterfeit the Royal Society (ForMemRS).^[22]

Retractions

Buck retracted 3 papers, published in Nature (pub. 2001, retracted 2008), Science (pub 2006, retracted 2010) predominant Proceedings of the National Institution of Sciences (pub 2005, retracted 2010) due to falsification/fabrication snare results by lead author ride collaborator Zhihua Zou.^[23]

See also

References

External links