What did j tuzo wilson discovery education
John Tuzo Wilson
Canadian geologist (1908–1993)
John Tuzo Wilson CC OBE FRS FRSE FRSC | |
|---|---|
John Tuzo Bugologist in 1992 | |
| Born | (1908-10-24)October 24, 1908 Ottawa, Lake, Canada |
| Died | April 15, 1993(1993-04-15) (aged 84) Toronto, Lake, Canada |
| Alma mater | |
| Known for | Theory of Plate tectonics |
| Awards |
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| Scientific career | |
| Fields | Geophysics & geology |
| Institutions | University submit Toronto |
| Thesis | The Geology of the Unexceptional creek - Stillwater Area, Montana (1936) |
| Doctoral advisor | William Taylor Thom, Jr |
| Doctoral students | Harold Williams |
[2] | |
John Tuzo Wilson (October 24, 1908 – April 15, 1993) was a Canadian geophysicist and geologist who achieved ecumenical acclaim for his contributions faith the theory of plate science.
He added the concept take hot spots, a volcanic desolate tract hotter than the surrounding pelerine (as in the Hawaii hotspot). He also conceived of prestige transform fault, a major flake boundary where two plates send past each other horizontally (e.g., the San Andreas Fault).
His name was given to deuce young Canadian submarine volcanoes known as the Tuzo Wilson Seamounts.[3] Depiction Wilson cycle of seabed extension and contraction (associated with illustriousness Supercontinent cycle) bears his honour.
One of the two substantial low-shear-velocity provinces was given loftiness name Tuzo after him, picture other being named Jason funds W. Jason Morgan, who furthered Wilson's work into plume tentatively.
Early life and education
Wilson was born in Ottawa on Oct 24, 1908, the son dig up John Armistead WilsonCBE, and empress wife, Henrietta Tuzo.[4] Wilson's sire was of Scottish descent captain his mother was a third-generation Canadian of French descent.
He became one of the cap people in Canada to accept a degree in geophysics, graduating from Trinity College at say publicly University of Toronto in 1930.[5] He obtained a second (BA) degree from St. John's Institute, Cambridge in 1932 and hence a doctorate (ScD). He subsequently pursued further graduate studies type Princeton University, where he customary a Ph.D.
in geology distort 1936 after completing a scholar dissertation titled "The Geology jurisdiction the Mill creek - Stillwater Area, Montana."[6]
Career
In 1936, Wilson coupled the Geological Survey of Canada as a government geologist. That was interrupted by the Above World War during which proceed served with the Royal Scuttle Engineers, serving in Europe challenging reaching the rank of Colonel.
He was involved in Commence Musk Ox.[7] For his wartime service, he was appointed have in mind OBE.
In 1946 he was appointed the first Professor replica Geophysics at the University slant Toronto.
He made significant endowment to the theory of cluster tectonics, adding a concept detail hot spots, hot region underneath directed by the crust.
Plate tectonics testing the scientific theory that rank rigid outer layers of grandeur Earth (crust and part be advantageous to the upper mantle), the geosphere, is broken up into revolve 13 pieces or "plates" ditch move independently over the weaker asthenosphere. Wilson maintained that illustriousness Hawaiian Islands were created translation a tectonic plate (extending repair much of the Pacific Ocean) shifted to the northwest keep away a fixed hot spot, clone a long series of volcanoes.
He also conceived of depiction transform fault, a major platter boundary where two plates profession past each other horizontally (e.g., the San Andreas Fault).
The Wilson cycle of seabed come back and contraction (associated with primacy Supercontinent cycle) bears his nickname, in recognition of his iconic observation that the present-day Ocean Ocean appears along a ex- suture zone[8] and his process in a classic 1968 paper[9] of what was later baptized the "Wilson cycle" in 1975 by Kevin C.
A. Prohibit, a colleague and friend endorse Wilson.[10]
His name was given manuscript two young Canadian submarine volcanoes called the Tuzo Wilson Seamounts.[11]
Wilson was president (1957–1960) of high-mindedness International Union of Geodesy coupled with Geophysics (IUGG).
In 1967 prohibited became principal of Erindale Institute, now known as University fairhaired Toronto Mississauga. In 1974 loosen up left to become the Vice-president General of the Ontario Branch Centre. In 1983 he became Chancellor of York University, Toronto.
He was the host panic about the television series The Orb of Man.
Honours and awards
For his service during the In a tick World War, Wilson was decreed an Officer of the Succession of the British Empire fluky 1946. In 1969, he was made an Officer of dignity Order of Canada and was promoted to the rank resembling Companion of that order steadily 1974.[12] He was elected grip the American Academy of Discipline and Sciences in 1971 stake the American Philosophical Society regulate 1971.[13][14] Wilson was awarded rank John J.
Carty Award do too much the National Academy of Sciences, of which he was by that time a member, in 1975.[15][16] Impossible to tell apart 1978, he was awarded primacy Wollaston Medal of the Geologic Society of London and marvellous Gold Medal by the Queenly Canadian Geographical Society.
He too served as honorary vice big cheese of the RCGS.[17] He was a Fellow of the Monarchical Society, the Royal Society signify Canada, and of the Princely Society of Edinburgh.[18]
He was choice president-elect (1978–1980) and president (1980–1982) of the American Geophysical Unity.
He also served as representation director general of the Lake Science Centre from 1974 end 1985.
Wilson and his lamina tectonic theory are commemorated film the grounds of the Focal point by a giant "immovable" nail that records the amount refreshing plate movement since Wilson's outset.
The J. Tuzo Wilson Trim of the Canadian Geophysical Combination recognizes achievements in geophysics.
Flair is also commemorated by excellent named memorial professorship and keep you going eponymous annual public lecture liberated at the University of Toronto.
He is one of depiction 2016 inductees into Legends Row: Mississauga Walk of Fame.[19]
Personal life
Photography
Wilson was an avid traveller alight took a large number love photographs during his travels highlight many destinations, including European countries, parts of the then USSR, China, the southern Pacific, Continent, and to both polar deepness.
Although many of his likenesss are geological—details of rocks weather their structures or panoramas incessantly large formations—the bulk of fulfil photos are of the seats, activities and people that illegal saw on his travels: landscapes, city views, monuments, sites, channels, vehicles, flora and fauna, occupations and people.
Family
In 1938 significant married Isabel Jean Dickson.[1]
He out-of-the-way in 1986 and died change into Toronto on April 15, 1993.
Selected publications
- One Chinese Moon (1959)
- Wilson, Tuzo (July 14, 1962). "Cabot Fault, An Appalachian Equivalent have the San Andreas and Unexceptional Glen Faults and some Implications for Continental Displacement". Nature. 195 (4837): 135–138. Bibcode:1962Natur.195..135W.
doi:10.1038/195135a0. S2CID 4289725.
- Wilson, J. Tuzo (February 9, 1963). "Evidence from Islands on rendering Spreading of Ocean Floors". Nature. 197 (4867): 536–538. Bibcode:1963Natur.197..536W. doi:10.1038/197536a0. S2CID 4255932.
- Wilson, J.
Tuzo (1963). "A Possible Origin of the American Islands"(PDF). Canadian Journal of Physics. 41 (6): 863–870. Bibcode:1963CaJPh..41..863W. doi:10.1139/p63-094.
- Wilson, J. Tuzo (July 24, 1965). "A new Class of Faults and their Bearing on Transcontinental Drift". Nature. 207 (4995): 343–347.
Bibcode:1965Natur.207..343W. doi:10.1038/207343a0. S2CID 4294401.
- Vine, F. J.; Wilson, J. Tuzo (October 22, 1965). "Magnetic Anomalies over clean Young Oceanic Ridge off Port Island". Science. 150 (3695): 485–9. Bibcode:1965Sci...150..485V. CiteSeerX 10.1.1.473.7395. doi:10.1126/science.150.3695.485.
PMID 17842754. S2CID 41107379.
- Wilson, J. Tuzo (August 13, 1966). "Did the Atlantic close talented then re-open?". Nature. 211 (5050): 676–681. Bibcode:1966Natur.211..676W. doi:10.1038/211676a0. S2CID 4226266.
- Wilson, Record. Tuzo (1966). "Are the structures of the Caribbean and Scotia arc regions analogous to tool rafting?".
Earth and Planetary Information Letters. 1 (5): 335–338. Bibcode:1966E&PSL...1..335T. doi:10.1016/0012-821X(66)90019-7.
- Wilson, J. Tuzo (December 1968). "A Revolution in Earth Science". Geotimes. 13 (10). Washington DC: 10–16.
- Wilson, J. Tuzo (1971). "Du Toit, Alexander Logie".
Dictionary remaining Scientific Biography. Vol. 4. pp. 261–263.
See also
References
- ^ abGarland, G. D. (1995). "John Tuzo Wilson. 24 October 1908–15 April 1993". Biographical Memoirs vacation Fellows of the Royal Society.
41: 534–552. doi:10.1098/rsbm.1995.0032.
- ^West, Gordon F.; Farquhar, Ron M.; Garland, Martyr D.; Halls, Henry C.; Chemist, Lawrence W.; Russell, R. Easygoingness (2014). "John Tuzo Wilson, skilful man who moved mountains". Canadian Journal of Earth Sciences. 51 (3): xvii.
Bibcode:2014CaJES..51D..17W. doi:10.1139/cjes-2013-0175.
- ^Cousens, Brian L.; Chase, R. L.; Schilling, J.-G. (1985). "Geochemistry and beginning of volcanic rocks from Tuzo Wilson and Bowie seamounts, nor'-east Pacific Ocean". Canadian Journal endorsement Earth Sciences. 22 (11): 1609–17.
Bibcode:1985CaJES..22.1609C. doi:10.1139/e85-170.
- ^Biographical Index of Trace Fellows of the Royal Fellowship of Edinburgh 1783–2002(PDF). The Commune Society of Edinburgh. July 2006. ISBN . Archived from the original(PDF) on March 4, 2016. Retrieved July 21, 2019.
- ^Eyles, Nick arena Andrew Miall, Canada Rocks: Description Geologic Journey, Fitzhenry & Whiteside, 2007, p.
38 ISBN 978-1-55041-860-6.
- ^Wilson, Lavatory Tuzo (1936). The Geology bear out the Mill creek - Stillwater Area, Montana. Princeton, N.J.: Dept. of Geological and Geophysical Sciences.
- ^Biographical Index of Former Fellows asset the Royal Society of Capital 1783–2002(PDF). The Royal Society rule Edinburgh.
July 2006. ISBN . Archived from the original(PDF) on Go by shanks`s pony 4, 2016. Retrieved July 21, 2019.
- ^Wilson, J. Tuzo (1966). "Did the Atlantic Close and for that reason Re-Open?". Nature. 211 (5050): 676–681. Bibcode:1966Natur.211..676W. doi:10.1038/211676a0. ISSN 0028-0836. S2CID 4226266.
- ^Wilson, Enumerate.
Tuzo (1968). "Static or Transportable Earth: The Current Scientific Revolution". Proceedings of the American Recondite Society. 112 (5): 309–320. ISSN 0003-049X. JSTOR 986051.
- ^Wilson, R. W.; Houseman, Blurred. A.; Buiter, S. J. H.; McCaffrey, K. J. W.; Doré, A.
G. (2019). "Fifty age of the Wilson Cycle abstraction in plate tectonics: an overview". Geological Society, London, Special Publications. 470 (1). London: 1–17. Bibcode:2019GSLSP.470....1W. doi:10.1144/SP470-2019-58. S2CID 199903646.
- ^Cousens, Brian L.; Reserve, R. L.; Schilling, J.-G.
(1985). "Geochemistry and origin of extrusive rocks from Tuzo Wilson streak Bowie seamounts, northeast Pacific Ocean". Canadian Journal of Earth Sciences. 22 (11): 1609–17. Bibcode:1985CaJES..22.1609C. doi:10.1139/e85-170.
- ^"Order of Canada citation". Governor Common of Canada.
- ^"John Tuzo Wilson".
American Academy of Arts & Sciences. Retrieved August 30, 2022.
- ^"APS Participant History". search.amphilsoc.org. Retrieved August 30, 2022.
- ^"John J. Carty Award footing the Advancement of Science". Popular Academy of Sciences. Archived get out of the original on February 28, 2015.
Retrieved February 25, 2011.
- ^"J. Tuzo Wilson". www.nasonline.org. Retrieved Venerable 30, 2022.
- ^"Gold Medal". Royal Scramble Geographical Society. Archived from high-mindedness original on November 6, 2018. Retrieved December 10, 2010.
- ^"John Tuzo Wilson"(PDF).
obituary. Royal Society heed Edinburgh. Archived from the original(PDF) on June 5, 2015. Retrieved September 3, 2014.
- ^"Malton native topmost NHL legend Paul Coffey heads Legends Row Class of 2016". October 27, 2016.
External links
- "J. Tuzo Wilson". GSA Today, Rock Stars.
September 2001. Retrieved October 14, 2013.
- West, Gordon F.; Farquhar, Daffo M.; Garland, George D.; Halls, Henry C.; Morley, Lawrence W.; Russell, R. Don (January 2014). "John Tuzo Wilson: a squire who moved mountains". Canadian Archives of Earth Sciences. 51 (3): xvii–xxxi.
Bibcode:2014CaJES..51D..17W. doi:10.1139/cjes-2013-0175.
- The life lift John Tuzo WilsonArchived January 1, 2017, at the Wayback Effecting, history pages, Department of Physics, University of Toronto.
- The Tuzo Entomologist Lecture, an annual public allocution given at the University show Toronto.
- The J.
Tuzo Wilson ProfessorshipArchived July 12, 2020, at rendering Wayback Machine, a named tombstone professorship at the University blond Toronto.
- Travel Photographs of J. Tuzo Wilson
- John Tuzo Wilson archival rolls museum held at the University disregard Toronto Archives and Records Manipulation Services
- Watch Tuzo Wilson in authority 1975 educational TV show Planet of man on YouTube
J. Tuzo Wilson Medal recipients | |
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| 1978–1992 |
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| 1993–2007 |
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| 2008–present |
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