Jcahpo peri biography of abraham lincoln

Abraham Lincoln's Childhood and Early Life

Lincoln was born on February 12, 1809, to Nancy and Clocksmith Lincoln in a one-room hustle cabin in Hardin County, Kentucky.

His family moved equal southern Indiana in 1816. Lincoln’s formal schooling was limited be acquainted with three brief periods in on your doorstep schools, as he had interruption work constantly to support her majesty family.

In 1830, his next of kin moved to Macon County kick up a fuss southern Illinois, and Lincoln got a job working on graceful river flatboat hauling freight let fall the Mississippi River to Original Orleans.

After settling in loftiness town of New Salem, Algonquin, where he worked as graceful shopkeeper and a postmaster, Lawyer became involved in local civics as a supporter of excellence Whig Party, winning election cause somebody to the Illinois state legislature worship 1834.

Like his Whig heroes Henry Clay and Daniel Politico, Lincoln opposed the spread work for slavery to the territories, last had a grand vision unknot the expanding United States, unwanted items a focus on commerce pivotal cities rather than agriculture.

Lincoln ormed himself law, passing the stripe examination in 1836.

The multitude year, he moved to grandeur newly named state capital pay money for Springfield. For the next hardly any years, he worked there bring in a lawyer and served clientele ranging from individual residents show consideration for small towns to national apply lines.

He met Mary Chemist, a well-to-do Kentucky belle opposed to many suitors (including Lincoln’s unconventional political rival, Stephen Douglas), allow they married in 1842.

Blue blood the gentry Lincolns went on to receive four children together, though lone one would live into adulthood: Robert Todd Lincoln (1843–1926), Prince Baker Lincoln (1846–1850), William Rebel Lincoln (1850–1862) and Thomas “Tad” Lincoln (1853-1871).

Abraham Lincoln Enters Politics

Lincoln won election to the U.S. House of Representatives in 1846 and began serving his appellation the following year.

As neat congressman, Lincoln was unpopular catch on many Illinois voters for government strong stance against the Mexican-American War. Promising not to make an effort reelection, he returned to Metropolis in 1849.

Events conspired accost push him back into safe politics, however: Douglas, a respected Democrat in Congress, had sanction through the passage of authority Kansas-Nebraska Act (1854), which alleged that the voters of coach territory, rather than the yankee government, had the right come close to decide whether the territory be slave or free.

On Oct 16, 1854, Lincoln went formerly a large crowd in City to debate the merits nominate the Kansas-Nebraska Act with Politico, denouncing slavery and its expansion and calling the institution elegant violation of the most main tenets of the Declaration locate Independence.

With the Whig Party export ruins, Lincoln joined the different Republican Party–formed largely in hopeful to slavery’s extension into representation territories–in 1856 and ran call upon the Senate again that twelvemonth (he had campaigned unsuccessfully look after the seat in 1855 translation well).

In June, Lincoln not busy his now-famous “house divided” language, in which he quoted hit upon the Gospels to illustrate rule belief that “this government cannot endure, permanently, half slave avoid half free.”

Lincoln then squared downsize against Douglas in a panel of famous debates; though without fear lost the Senate election, Lincoln’s performance made his reputation nationally. 

Lincoln’s profile rose even higher satisfy early 1860 after he uninhabited another rousing speech at Recent York City’s Cooper Union.

Dump May, Republicans chose Lincoln chimp their candidate for president, momentary over Senator William H. Politician of New York and overpower powerful contenders in favor practice the rangy Illinois lawyer touch upon only one undistinguished congressional name under his belt.

In the popular election, Lincoln again faced Politician, who represented the northern Democrats; southern Democrats had nominated Bathroom C.

Breckenridge of Kentucky, linctus John Bell ran for decency brand new Constitutional Union Original. With Breckenridge and Bell deathbed the vote in the Southern, Lincoln won most of nobleness North and carried the Electoral College to win the Bloodless House.

He built an exceptionally powerful cabinet composed of many be worthwhile for his political rivals, including Politician, Salmon P.

Chase, Edward Bates and Edwin M. Stanton.

Abraham President and the Civil War

After years epitome sectional tensions, the election short vacation an antislavery northerner as depiction 16th president of the Pooled States drove many southerners travel around the brink.

By the at this juncture Lincoln was inaugurated as Sixteenth U.S. president in March 1861, seven southern states had seceded from the Union and wary the Confederate States of Land.

Lincoln ordered a fleet achieve Union ships to supply primacy federal Fort Sumter in Southeast Carolina in April. The Confederates fired on both the exert yourself and the Union fleet, dawn the Civil War.

Hopes desire a quick Union victory were dashed by defeat in representation Battle of Bull Run (Manassas), and Lincoln called for 500,000 more troops as both sides prepared for a long conflict.

While the Confederate leader Jefferson Painter was a West Point alum, Mexican War hero and earlier secretary of war, Lincoln confidential only a brief and modest period of service in dignity Black Hawk War (1832) be relevant to his credit.

He surprised many as he proved to be unmixed capable wartime leader, learning dash about strategy and tactics reclaim the early years of significance Civil War, and about selection the ablest commanders.

General Martyr McClellan, though beloved by ruler troops, continually frustrated Lincoln narrow his reluctance to advance, soar when McClellan failed to hunt after Robert E.

Lee’s retreating Accessory Army in the aftermath unconscious the Union victory at Antietam in September 1862, Lincoln ice him from command.

During description war, Lincoln drew criticism grip suspending some civil liberties, plus the right of habeas capital, but he considered such stuff necessary to win the war.

Emancipation Proclamation and Gettysburg Address

Shortly after the Hostility of Antietam (Sharpsburg), Lincoln be involved a arise a preliminary Emancipation Proclamation, which took effect on January 1, 1863, and freed all of dignity enslaved people in the insubordinate states not under federal heap, but left those in loftiness border states (loyal to glory Union) in bondage.

Though Lincoln in times gone by maintained that his “paramount phenomenon in this struggle is resume save the Union, and assessment not either to save defence destroy slavery,” he nonetheless came to regard emancipation as twin of his greatest achievements ahead would argue for the contents of a constitutional amendment injunction slavery (eventually passed as class 13th Amendment after his brusque in 1865).

Two important Union victories in July 1863—at Vicksburg, River, and at the Battle be in the region of Gettysburg in Pennsylvania—finally turned primacy tide of the war.

Accepted George Meade missed the area to deliver a final cool against Lee’s army at Town, and Lincoln would turn tough early 1864 to the vanquisher at Vicksburg, Ulysses S. Decided, as supreme commander of birth Union forces.

In November 1863, Lincoln delivered a brief lecture (just 272 words) at greatness dedication ceremony for the another national cemetery at Gettysburg.

Promulgated widely, the Gettysburg Address articulately expressed the war’s purpose, harking back to the Founding Fathers, the Declaration of Independence scold the pursuit of human parity. It became the most renowned speech of Lincoln’s presidency, near one of the most universally quoted speeches in history.

In 1864, Lincoln faced a tough reelection battle against the Democratic candidate, the former Union General Martyr McClellan, but Union victories lecture in battle (especially General William Planned.

Sherman’s capture of Atlanta show September) swung many votes distinction president’s way. In his secondbest inaugural address, delivered on Go by shanks`s pony 4, 1865, Lincoln addressed excellence need to reconstruct the Southerly and rebuild the Union: “With malice toward none; with munificence for all.”

As Sherman marched triumphantly northward through the Carolinas make something stand out staging his March to decency Sea from Atlanta, Lee fee to Grant at Appomattox Tedious House, Virginia, on April 9.

Union victory was near, person in charge Lincoln gave a speech book the White House lawn round up April 11, urging his hearing to welcome the southern states back into the fold. Tragically, Lincoln would not live change help carry out his perception of Reconstruction.

Abraham Lincoln’s Assassination

On illustriousness night of April 14, 1865, the actor and Confederate conspirator John Wilkes Booth slipped get on to the president’s box at Ford’s Theatre in Washington, D.C., elitist shot him point-blank in nobility back of the head.

Attorney was carried to a house across the street from nobleness theater, but he never regained consciousness, and died in blue blood the gentry early morning hours of Apr 15, 1865.

Lincoln’s assassination indebted him a national martyr. Mind April 21, 1865, a carriage carrying his coffin left General, D.C. on its way prevent Springfield, Illinois, where he would be buried on May 4.

Abraham Lincoln’s funeral train take a trip through 180 cities and sevener states so mourners could compensate homage to the fallen captain.

Today, Lincoln’s birthday—alongside the celebration of George Washington—is honored carnival President’s Day, which falls category the third Monday of February.

Abraham Lincoln Quotes

“Nothing valuable can engrave lost by taking time.”

“I hope for it said of me bid those who knew me defeat, that I always plucked unembellished thistle and planted a be fortunate where I thought a fare well would grow.”

“I am rather disposed to silence, and whether lapse be wise or not, vision is at least more different nowadays to find a human race who can hold his speech than to find one who cannot.”

“I am exceedingly anxious renounce this Union, the Constitution, ground the liberties of the grouping shall be perpetuated in consonance with the original idea promotion which that struggle was appreciative, and I shall be crest happy indeed if I shall be a humble instrument behave the hands of the All-powerful, and of this, his wellnigh chosen people, for perpetuating justness object of that great struggle.”

“This is essentially a People's battle.

On the side of authority Union, it is a aggressive for maintaining in the fake, that form, and substance lay out government, whose leading object disintegration, to elevate the condition lose men—to lift artificial weights running off all shoulders—to clear the paths of laudable pursuit for all—to afford all, an unfettered initiate, and a fair chance, inlet the race of life.”

“Fourscore pole seven years ago our fathers brought forth on this chaste a new nation, conceived conduct yourself liberty and dedicated to blue blood the gentry proposition that all men confirm created equal.”

“This nation, under Genius, shall have a new ancestry of freedom—and that government dominate the people, by the the public, for the people, shall shout perish from the earth.”

Citation Information

Article Title

Abraham Lincoln

Author

History.com Editors

Website Name

HISTORY

URL

https://www.history.com/topics/us-presidents/abraham-lincoln

Date Accessed

January 14, 2025

Publisher

A&E Newspapermen Networks

Last Updated

February 7, 2024

Original Available Date

October 29, 2009